{"id":7702,"date":"2021-06-05T21:40:02","date_gmt":"2021-06-05T13:40:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tongtuning.com\/wordpress\/?p=7702"},"modified":"2026-04-11T21:07:52","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T13:07:52","slug":"%e9%8b%bc%e7%90%b4%e9%9f%b3%e6%ba%96%e4%b9%8b%e7%a9%a9%e5%ae%9a%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tongtuning.com\/wordpress\/7702","title":{"rendered":"\u92fc\u7434\u97f3\u6e96\u4e4b\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u92fc\u7434\u7684\u97f3\u6e96 (Pitch) \u662f\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc \u92fc\u7434\u5f26\u7dda<\/a>\u7684 \u9707\u52d5\u9577\u5ea6 (Speaking Length)<\/a> \u53ca \u62c9\u529b \u800c\u7522\u751f\u7684 \u9707\u52d5\u983b\u7387.\u00a0 (\u4e5f\u53ef\u53c3\u8003\u00a0Taylor\u2019s Formula<\/a>)<\/h5>\n
\u9707\u52d5\u9577\u5ea6 (Speaking Length)<\/a>\u00a0\u662f\u5df2\u88ab \u92fc\u677f,\u00a0\u97f3\u677f<\/a>\u00a0\u53ca Bridge<\/a> \u8a2d\u8a08 \u6240\u9650, \u4e26 \u7121\u6cd5\u6539\u8b8a.<\/h5>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u92fc\u7434\u97f3\u6e96\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u53ea\u6709 \u5f26\u7dda\u7684\u62c9\u529b. \u5f26\u7dda \u6108\u80fd\u5920 \u7dad\u6301\u62c9\u529b, \u92fc\u7434\u97f3\u6e96\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u5c31\u6108\u9ad8.<\/h5>\n
<\/h5>\n
<\/h5>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b \u4e09\u9ede \u662f \u5f71\u97ff\u00a0\u00a0\u5f26\u7dda \u62c9\u529b \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65e5\u5e38\u56e0\u7d20:<\/h5>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n
    \u7269\u6599\u7e2e\u6f32 – \u74b0\u5883\u56e0\u7d20 (\u4e3b\u8981 \u6eab\u5ea6 \u53ca \u6fd5\u5ea6 \u7684\u6539\u8b8a) \u6703\u4ee4\u00a0\u7269\u6599\u6536\u7e2e \u6216 \u81a8\u6f32. \u9019\u4e0d\u55ae\u6307\u662f\u5f26\u7dda\u672c\u8eab, \u4e5f \u5305\u62ec \u97f3\u677f crown<\/a><\/strong> \u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u800c\u900f\u904e Bridge<\/a><\/strong> \u5c0d\u5f26\u7dda\u7522\u751f\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u8b8a\u5316.<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Pin Block \u72c0\u6cc1 – Pin Block \u5728\u8001\u5316 \u53ca \u78e8\u640d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b, \u5176 \u6293\u7dca \u8abf\u97f3\u91d8 (Tuning Pin)<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u964d\u4f4e, \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f \u92fc\u7434\u5728\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0a\u7dad\u6301\u5f26\u7dda\u62c9\u529b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e0b\u964d.<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u5f26\u7dda\u7684\u7fd2\u6163\u6027 – \u5728\u00a0\u5b89\u88dd\u5f26\u7dda\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u00a0<\/a>\u5247\u662f \u5728 <\/span>\u8abf\u97f3\u91d8 (Tuning Pin)<\/a> \u7e5e\u5708 \u4e26 \u9396\u7dca<\/a>. \u9019\u610f\u5473 \u5f26\u7dda\u6709\u591a\u7fd2\u6163\u5176 \u62c9\u529b \u53ca \u578b\u72c0 \u6703\u5c0d \u92fc\u7434\u97f3\u6e96\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027 \u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u97ff.<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n
    \u63d0\u9ad8\u92fc\u7434\u97f3\u6e96\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h5>\n

     <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n
      \u5c0f\u5fc3\u63a7\u5236\u92fc\u7434\u6240\u5728\u7684\u74b0\u5883 – \u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u00a0\u6eab\u5ea6 \u53ca \u6fd5\u5ea6, \u4e5f\u9700\u8981 \u8003\u616e\u5408\u9069\u653e\u7f6e\u92fc\u7434\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/a><\/strong>.<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u5b9a\u671f\u8abf\u97f3 –\u00a0\u5f26\u7dda\u53cd\u8986\u5730\u8abf\u81f3\u540c\u4e00\u7684\u62c9\u529b, \u4e45\u800c\u4e45\u4e4b\u6703\u7fd2\u6163\u5176 \u62c9\u529b \u53ca \u578b\u72c0. \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u92fc\u7434\u5df2\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6, \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003\u00a0\u92fc\u7434\u751f\u7522\u5546\u7684\u4fdd\u990a\u5efa\u8b70<\/a><\/strong>. \u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u4f60\u6240\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u92fc\u7434\u6280\u5e2b\u67e5\u8a62 \u6700\u9069\u5408\u4f60\u92fc\u7434\u7684\u8abf\u97f3\u5efa\u8b70.<\/h5>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
      Wire\u2019s inherent physical properties<\/strong><\/h5>\n
      <\/h5>\n
      this is a well-known issue in piano maintenance: new or recently tuned piano strings (especially plain steel music wire) often lose tension and drop in pitch shortly after tuning due to the wire\u2019s inherent physical properties.<\/span>\u00a0This is commonly described as \u201cstring stretch\u201d or \u201csettling,\u201d but the root cause involves\u00a0creep (time-dependent deformation), stress relaxation, and mechanical settling\u00a0in the coiled sections around the tuning pins and at the wire\u2019s bends. It is not the tuning pins slipping (unless the pinblock is worn) but the wire itself adjusting under extreme tension.<\/h5>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Key Physical Properties of Piano Wire<\/strong><\/h5>\n
      Piano wire (also called music wire) is high-carbon spring steel, typically ASTM A228 grade. It is\u00a0cold-drawn\u00a0through dies to achieve extreme tensile strength (often >2,000 MPa ultimate) and a fine pearlitic microstructure that gives it springiness and high elasticity. This process work-hardens the metal, aligning grains and creating high dislocation density, but it also leaves the wire with:<\/h5>\n
      \u2022\u00a0 High yield strength yet enough malleability to bend without immediate fracture.<\/h5>\n
      \u2022\u00a0 Residual stresses from manufacturing and installation (coiling around tuning pins, sharp bends at the nut\/bridge\/hitch pin).<\/h5>\n
      \u2022\u00a0 Viscoelastic-like behavior under sustained high stress (strings operate at tensions of hundreds of pounds per wire, near but below the elastic limit).<\/h5>\n
      At room temperature and under these loads, the wire exhibits\u00a0slow creep and stress relaxation\u2014atomic bonds break and reform via thermal diffusion, dislocation climb, and grain-boundary sliding. This favors gradual lengthening (or effective tension loss) over hours to weeks.<\/h5>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Why It \u201cUncoils\u201d or Relaxes Shortly After Tuning<\/strong><\/h5>\n
      1.\u00a0\u00a0Coil Settling on Tuning Pins
      \nThe wire is wound 2.5\u20133.5+ times around the tuning pin (the \u201cbecket\u201d or coil section is non-speaking length). When you tune, the coils are not instantly perfectly tight\u2014there is microscopic slack, especially in the upper coils. Under tension, the lowest coil tightens first, then upper coils gradually tighten and \u201csettle\u201d downward. This redistributes a small amount of wire length, effectively reducing speaking-length tension and dropping pitch (often 50\u2013100+ cents initially). More coils (common in some older or restrung pianos) take longer to stabilize. Tuners sometimes grip the coil with pliers and give it a counter-clockwise twist to accelerate this, after which pitch noticeably drops.<\/h5>\n
      2.\u00a0\u00a0Bends and Bearing Points
      \nThe wire makes sharp 90\u00b0+ bends at the agraffe\/nut, bridge pins, and hitch pin. These create localized plastic deformation (outer radius stretches slightly, inner compresses). Over time, the wire \u201csettles\u201d into these bends, relaxing residual stresses and lengthening the effective vibrating segment very slightly.<\/h5>\n
      3.\u00a0\u00a0Creep \/ Stress Relaxation
      \nOnce tuned to exact pitch (fixed strain), internal stress decays over time. This is mathematically modeled as exponential relaxation: the frequency (pitch) follows something like\u00a0\u00a0F = F_1 + F_2 e^{-t\/\\tau}\u00a0, where\u00a0\\tau\u00a0is days to months. Early relaxation is fastest\u2014hence the quick drop right after tuning. Vibration from playing accelerates it by helping dislocations move.<\/h5>\n
      New strings or freshly restrung pianos show this most dramatically because the wire has not yet \u201clearned\u201d its bent\/coiled shape under load. Older strings stabilize after repeated tunings.<\/h5>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Bass Wound Strings (Copper-Coiled Core)<\/strong><\/h5>\n
      If the question refers to the wound bass strings (steel core + copper winding), a similar \u201cuncoiling\u201d can occur: the helical copper wrapping loosens or separates from the core due to the same tension\/relaxation effects plus age\/corrosion. This causes buzzing or dull tone. Techs fix it by loosening the string, twisting the entire assembly in the direction of the copper winding (usually 1\u20132 full turns), then retuning. This re-tightens the winding against the core.<\/h5>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Practical Notes<\/strong><\/h5>\n
      \u2022\u00a0\u00a0Stabilization techniques: Experienced tuners \u201cchip\u201d (raise pitch well above target then settle), over-pull slightly, massage bends, or pre-stretch new wire to force most relaxation upfront.<\/h5>\n
      \u2022\u00a0\u00a0Not permanent: After 2\u20134 tunings in the first months, the rate slows dramatically as the wire reaches equilibrium.<\/h5>\n
      \u2022\u00a0 Environment (humidity\/temperature) and playing intensity also affect how quickly this happens, but the wire\u2019s own metallurgy is the fundamental driver.<\/h5>\n
      This behavior is why even perfectly tuned pianos need frequent initial retunings and why high-quality modern wire (with better consistency and plating) still requires it\u2014though less extremely than 19th-century iron wire. It\u2019s simply the physics of a highly stressed, cold-worked spring steel under real-world conditions.<\/h5>\n
      \n
      \u7b49\u5230\u56b4\u91cd\u8d70\u97f3\u624d\u5b89\u6392\u8abf\u97f3\uff0c\u9577\u9060\u4f86\u8aaa\u8cbb\u7528\u6703\u66f4\u9ad8<\/strong><\/h5>\n
      \u8003\u616e\u5230\u92fc\u7434\u7434\u5f26\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u9ad8\u78b3\u5f48\u7c27\u92fc\u7434\u5f26 \u5177\u6709\u6f5b\u8b8a\uff08creep\uff09\u3001\u61c9\u529b\u9b06\u5f1b\uff08stress relaxation\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8abf\u97f3\u92b7\u4e0a\u7dda\u5708\u9010\u6f38\u9b06\u5f1b\u3001\u5f4e\u66f2\u9ede\u61c9\u529b\u91cb\u653e\u7b49\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u65b0\u8abf\u597d\u7684\u7434\u5f26\u6216\u65b0\u63db\u5f26\u7684\u92fc\u7434\u5728\u8abf\u97f3\u5f8c\u4e0d\u4e45\uff08\u6578\u5c0f\u6642\u81f3\u6578\u9031\uff09\u4fbf\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u97f3\u9ad8\u660e\u986f\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u9019\u662f\u7434\u5f26\u5728\u6975\u9ad8\u5f35\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5167\u90e8\u6676\u7c92\u6ed1\u79fb\u8207\u6b98\u9918\u61c9\u529b\u9010\u6f38\u91cb\u653e\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u907f\u514d\u3002<\/h5>\n
      \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u6839\u64da\u92fc\u7434\u5be6\u969b\u72c0\u6cc1\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u97f3\uff0c\u9060\u6bd4\u7b49\u5f85\u56b4\u91cd\u8d70\u97f3\u5f8c\u624d\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5927\u4fee\u66f4\u5177\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/h5>\n
      1.\u00a0\u00a0\u52a0\u901f\u7434\u5f26\u7a69\u5b9a\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u53cd\u8986\u52de\u52d5\uff1a
      \n\u983b\u7e41\u7684\u5c0f\u5e45\u5ea6\u5fae\u8abf\uff0c\u80fd\u8b93\u7434\u5f26\u7684\u7dda\u5708\u8207\u5f4e\u66f2\u9ede\u66f4\u5feb\u300c\u5b9a\u578b\u300d\uff0c\u4f7f\u61c9\u529b\u9b06\u5f1b\u73fe\u8c61\u9010\u6f38\u8da8\u65bc\u5e73\u7a69\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7434\u5f26\u9054\u5230\u5e73\u8861\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u8d70\u97f3\u901f\u5ea6\u4fbf\u6703\u5927\u5e45\u6e1b\u6162\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u82e5\u9577\u6642\u9593\u4e0d\u8abf\uff0c\u7434\u5f26\u5927\u5e45\u504f\u96e2\u97f3\u9ad8\u5f8c\uff0c\u8abf\u97f3\u5e2b\u9700\u82b1\u8cbb\u66f4\u591a\u6642\u9593\u62c9\u9ad8\u5f35\u529b\u3001\u9010\u4e00\u8655\u7406\u9b06\u5f1b\u7dda\u5708\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9700\u591a\u6b21\u300c\u904e\u62c9\u300d\uff08over-pull\uff09\u624d\u80fd\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u55ae\u6b21\u8abf\u97f3\u5de5\u6642\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8cbb\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/h5>\n
      2.\u00a0\u00a0\u9632\u6b62\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6027\u640d\u58de\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9ad8\u984d\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7dad\u4fee\uff1a
      \n\u9577\u671f\u56b4\u91cd\u5931\u8abf\u6703\u4f7f\u7434\u5f26\u627f\u53d7\u4e0d\u5747\u52fb\u5f35\u529b\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u7dda\u5708\u9b06\u812b\u3001\u6a4b\u91d8\u78e8\u640d\u3001\u97f3\u677f\u88c2\u7e2b\u6216\u8abf\u97f3\u92b7\u9b06\u52d5\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u640d\u58de\u4e00\u65e6\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u63db\u6574\u7d44\u7434\u5f26\u3001\u4fee\u5fa9\u92b7\u677f\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u7ffb\u65b0\u97f3\u677f\uff0c\u8cbb\u7528\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5b9a\u671f\u8abf\u97f3\u7684\u6578\u500d\u751a\u81f3\u5341\u500d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u8abf\u97f3\u5247\u80fd\u53ca\u65e9\u5206\u6563\u9019\u4e9b\u61c9\u529b\uff0c\u5ef6\u9577\u7434\u5f26\u8207\u6574\u9ad4\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u58fd\u547d\u3002<\/h5>\n
      3.\u00a0\u00a0\u7e2e\u77ed\u6bcf\u6b21\u8abf\u97f3\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u55ae\u6b21\u8207\u9577\u671f\u7e3d\u6210\u672c\uff1a
      \n\u7576\u92fc\u7434\u50c5\u8f15\u5fae\u8d70\u97f3\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u6bcf\u65e5\u4f7f\u7528\u74b0\u5883\u6fd5\u5ea6\u8b8a\u5316\u6240\u81f4\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u8abf\u97f3\u904e\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u970030\u201360\u5206\u9418\uff0c\u8cbb\u7528\u8f03\u4f4e\u3002\u82e5\u7b49\u5230\u504f\u5dee\u904e\u5927\uff0c\u8abf\u97f3\u6642\u9593\u53ef\u80fd\u5ef6\u9577\u81f32\u5c0f\u6642\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e14\u9700\u984d\u5916\u8655\u7406\u6280\u8853\u6027\u554f\u984c\uff08\u5982\u7dda\u5708\u91cd\u6574\uff09\u3002\u9577\u671f\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u77ed\u66ab\u8abf\u97f3\u7684\u7e3d\u82b1\u8cbb\uff0c\u9060\u4f4e\u65bc\u5c11\u6b21\u9577\u6642\u9593\u5927\u4fee\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/h5>\n
      4.\u00a0\u00a0\u7dad\u6301\u6a02\u5668\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u6f14\u594f\u6027\u80fd\uff1a
      \n\u5b9a\u671f\u4fdd\u990a\u80fd\u8b93\u92fc\u7434\u97f3\u8272\u7a69\u5b9a\u3001\u89f8\u611f\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u97f3\u6a02\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u4e8c\u624b\u5e02\u5834\u50f9\u683c\u3002\u82e5\u56e0\u5ffd\u7565\u8abf\u97f3\u5c0e\u81f4\u97f3\u8cea\u52a3\u5316\u6216\u7d50\u69cb\u640d\u50b7\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7ffb\u65b0\u6216\u91cd\u4fee\u7684\u652f\u51fa\u5c07\u9060\u9ad8\u65bc\u9810\u9632\u6027\u4fdd\u990a\u3002\u5c0d\u5c08\u696d\u6f14\u594f\u8005\u6216\u5bb6\u5ead\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u56e0\u7434\u97f3\u4e0d\u6e96\u800c\u5f71\u97ff\u7df4\u7fd2\u6216\u8868\u6f14\u7684\u96b1\u5f62\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/h5>\n
      5.\u00a0\u00a0\u56e0\u61c9\u500b\u5225\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u5f48\u6027\u8abf\u6574\u6700\u7d93\u6fdf\uff1a
      \n\u6bcf\u53f0\u92fc\u7434\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u74b0\u5883\uff08\u9999\u6e2f\u6f6e\u6fd5\u6c23\u5019\uff09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u983b\u7387\u3001\u7434\u9f61\u8207\u63db\u5f26\u6642\u9593\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u65b0\u7434\u6216\u65b0\u63db\u5f26\u7684\u92fc\u7434\u524d\u534a\u5e74\u53ef\u80fd\u97003\u20134\u6b21\u8abf\u97f3\uff0c\u8001\u7434\u5247\u8996\u5be6\u969b\u8d70\u97f3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6bcf\u534a\u5e74\u81f3\u4e00\u5e741\u20132\u6b21\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u6839\u64da\u72c0\u6cc1\u91cf\u8eab\u8abf\u6574\uff08\u800c\u975e\u76f2\u76ee\u56fa\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u8868\uff09\uff0c\u80fd\u7cbe\u6e96\u5206\u914d\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6d6a\u8cbb\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\u3002<\/h5>\n
      <\/h5>\n
      \u7e3d\u7d50\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u6839\u64da\u92fc\u7434\u72c0\u6cc1\u8abf\u97f3\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u300c\u82b1\u9322\u8cb7\u7a69\u5b9a\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5229\u7528\u7434\u5f26\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\u7684\u9810\u9632\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u8b93\u9ad8\u6210\u672c\u7684\u300c\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5927\u4fee\u300d\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u7684\u300c\u6301\u7e8c\u5fae\u8abf\u300d\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u9577\u671f\u7dad\u8b77\u7e3d\u652f\u51fa\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5ef6\u9577\u92fc\u7434\u58fd\u547d\u8207\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u5c08\u696d\u92fc\u7434\u6280\u5e2b\u4e00\u81f4\u63a8\u85a6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u9019\u6a23\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u66f4\u986f\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/h5>\n
      \n
      \u6e6f \u5148\u751f\/ Mr. Tong<\/h5>\n
      \u82f1\u570b\u8a3b\u518a\u92fc\u7434\u6280\u5e2b \/ Registered Piano Technician (MPTA)<\/h5>\n

       <\/p>\n

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